Ø Reasons for the growth of decision making information systems.
- People need to analyze large amounts of information.
- people must make decisions quickly.
- People must apply sophisticated analysis techniques, such as modeling and forecasting to make good decisions.
- People must protect the corporate asset of organizational information.
Ø Model : a simplified representation or abstraction of reality.
- IT systems in an enterprise
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
- the basis business that serves the operational level in an organization.
- online transaction processing (OLTP) : the capturing of transaction and event information using technology to process the information according to defined business rules, store the information, update existing information to reflect the new information.
- online analytical processing (OLAP) : the manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making.
Decison Support systems (DSS)
- models information to support managers and business professionals during yhe decision making process.
- three quantitiative mdels used by DSSs include :
i) Sensitivity analysis - the study of the impact that changes in one parts of the model have on other parts of the model. For example, increasing in level price.
ii) What if analysis - checks the impact of a change in an assumption on the proposed solution.
iii) Goal seeking analysis - finds the inputs necessary to achieve goal such as a desired level of output.
Executive information systems (EIS)
- a specialized DSS that support senior level executive. (can do more than DSS)
- Digital dashboard : integrates information from multiple components and presents it in a unified display.
- Capabilities of EISs:
i) Consolidation - involves the aggregation of information and features simple roll-ups to complex groupings of interrelated information.
ii) Drill down - enables users to get details and details to details of information.
iii) slice and dice - looks at information from different perspectives.
Ø Artifical Intelligence (AI)
- simulates human intelligence such as the ability to reason and learn. Goal of AI is the ability to bulid a system that can mimic human intelligence.
- 4 common categories of AI include :
i) Expert system : advisory programs that expert in solving difficult problems.
ii) Neural network : attempts to emulate te way the human brain works.
iii) Genetic algorithm : system that can mimic the evolutionary, survival of the fittest process to generate increasingly better solutionss to a problem
iv) Intelligent agent - special purposed knowledge based information system that accomplishes specific tasks on behalf of its users.
Ø Data mining
- software that include many forms of AI such as neural networks and expert systems.
- Common forms of data mining analysis capabilities include :
i) Cluster analysis
ii) Association detection
iii) statistical analysis












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